Peru

PE PENS/ Aymara
Pros
Maintaining low public debt and a highly independent central bank for monetary stability
Competitive corporate tax rates and extensive free trade agreements with major global economies
Abundant natural resources and a growing agro-export sector with minimal state intervention
Cons
Persistent political instability and systemic corruption affecting long-term legal certainty for investors
High levels of labor informality and burdensome regulatory requirements for formal enterprises
Inadequate transport infrastructure and increasing security risks in specific urban and rural regions

Long story short: The Peruvian sol hasn't collapsed in twenty-five years, unheard of in South America: the central bank does its job better than the rest of the state.

Setting up a company takes patience: paperwork that drags on, corruption sniffing around public contracts and customs. Taxes stay within the regional norm.

Besides that: infrastructure holds up fine in San Isidro and Miraflores, crime is rising (extortion hitting even legit businesses) but manageable in the nice neighborhoods, food is excellent, and the scenery is breathtaking.

VERYLOW TAX 5.7/10 HOLDING 2.4/10 DIVIDENDPIPELINE 1.7/10 CRYPTOHAVEN 2/10 PRIVACYGRADE 7.8/10

Will your income be taxed?

Long story short: YES, A LOT.
Income gets fleeced in Peru (top marginal rate 30%), but the residency test is surprisingly hands-off.

The bill is brutal for residents; the whole game is simply not to become one by accident.

01.1 Income tax
Personal income tax
0 → 30%
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De quoi s’agit-il ?What residents pay on what they earn: salary, freelance income, sometimes dividends too. We show the system (flat or progressive) and the top rate.
Source et informations complémentairesprogressive · 6 brackets
Bracket (USD)Rate
0 – 11,445exempt
11,445 – 19,6208%
19,620 – 44,14414%
44,144 – 68,66917%
68,669 – 85,01820%
85,018 +30%
01.2 Tax residence test
A single active rule is enough to make you tax-resident.
183-day rule
Economic interest
does not exist here
Family centre
does not exist here
Habitual abode
does not exist here
Extended-stay test
does not exist here
Income tax simulatori

If you earn a year, you will pay .

Roughly effective, with a marginal rate of .

+30%
Non-domiciled individuals on gross Peruvian-source income
+5%
Capital gains from sale of stocks (domiciled individuals or within the country for non-domiciled)
+30%
Capital gains from sale of stocks (non-domiciled, outside the country)
+5%
Capital gains from sale of real estate
+5%
Dividends
+5%
Domiciled individuals' income from leases, interests, and royalties

Will your wealth be taxed?

Long story short: YES, BUT LIGHTLY.
Peru takes a light trim on capital gains (5% at the top), with no annual wealth levy and no inheritance regime.

Your portfolio compounds with barely any friction; the state only shows its face when you sell. And even then, politely.

02.1 Investment income
Capital gains
5%
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De quoi s’agit-il ?The tax on your profit when you sell something that gained value: stocks, property, crypto, a business. Some countries skip it entirely.
Source et informations complémentairesflat · +25% non-domiciled individuals selling shares outside the country
Dividend tax
5%
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De quoi s’agit-il ?What you pay when your company sends you dividends. It stacks on top of corporate tax, so the combined bill is what really counts.
Source et informations complémentairesflat
Interest income
5%
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De quoi s’agit-il ?The tax on income from savings, bonds and loans. Matters when choosing where to park your cash.
Source et informations complémentairesflat
02.2 Wealth & estate
Wealth tax
NONE
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De quoi s’agit-il ?A yearly tax on what you own above a threshold, whether you sell or not. Most countries scrapped it; a few still run one.
Source et informations complémentairesno annual wealth tax · no real-estate wealth tax · no net-worth assessment
Inheritance system
NONE
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De quoi s’agit-il ?What heirs pay on what they inherit, by category (spouse, children, others), with allowances and top rates. Plenty of countries charge nothing at all.
Source et informations complémentairesno estate tax · no heir-based duties · no succession tax framework. Wealth transfers across heir-classes are not taxed in this jurisdiction. Only standard probate / registration fees may apply.
02.3 Crypto
Crypto · tax regime
PROGRESSIVE
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De quoi s’agit-il ?How crypto gains are taxed here: zero, flat, progressive or grey zone. Includes whether crypto-to-crypto swaps count as taxable events.
Source et informations complémentairesRate: 30% · SUNAT (Tax Authority) classifies crypto-assets as intangible movable assets. While specific crypto legislation is still being finalized as of 2025, gains for individuals are currently taxed under general income rules. Most transactions occur on international exchanges and are thus treated as Foreign Source Income (Renta de Fuente Extranjera), subject to progressive rates from 8% to 30%. Habitual trading or mining is treated as Third Category (Business) income at a flat 29.5% rate. Crypto-to-crypto swaps are considered taxable events (permuta) under Peruvian law.
Crypto-to-crypto
TAXABLE
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De quoi s’agit-il ?How crypto gains are taxed here: zero, flat, progressive or grey zone. Includes whether crypto-to-crypto swaps count as taxable events.
Source et informations complémentaireseach swap counts as a disposal — gains realised at every trade
FATF travel rule
NOT SIGNED
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De quoi s’agit-il ?Does this country enforce the crypto Travel Rule? If yes, exchanges must identify senders and recipients, like banks do for wire transfers.
Source et informations complémentairesno information-sharing obligation on VASP transfers

Easy to run a company there?

Long story short: NO.
Corporate tax in Peru is 29.5%, no IP-box mercy, VAT at 18 on top.

Operationally, running a company here is fine; fiscally, the state helps itself to a fat slice of every unit of profit. You do the work, they skim the cream.

03.1 Rates
Corporate tax
29.5%
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De quoi s’agit-il ?What companies pay on their profits. The headline rate is a starting point: IP boxes and holding regimes often pull the real rate lower.
Source et informations complémentairesflat · +5% indirect distribution of income construed as taxable income as a result of a tax audit · +0.4% Temporary net assets tax (TNAT) on the value of assets exceeding PEN 1 million
VAT standard rate
18%
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De quoi s’agit-il ?The sales tax baked into almost everything you buy here. One standard rate, plus reduced rates on things like food or books.
Source et informations complémentaires2 distinct tiers in force
8%18%
Food & drink
18%
food
18%
non-alcoholic
18%
alcohol
Hospitality
8%
hotels
8%
restaurants
8%
takeaway
Digital & telecom
18%
digital
Construction
18%
construction
03.2 Regime & registry
IP Box · Patent Box
NONE
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De quoi s’agit-il ?A discounted tax rate on income from patents, software and designs, often 5 to 10%. A magnet for tech and licensing businesses.
Source et informations complémentairesno IP regime · IP income taxed under standard corporate rules
Misuse of corporate assets
NO CRIMINAL
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De quoi s’agit-il ?If you spend company money on yourself, is it a crime (prison possible) or a civil matter? Some countries prosecute even sole shareholders.
Source et informations complémentairesno criminal liability · In Peru, the crime of Fraudulent Administration (Article 198 of the Penal Code) requires 'prejudice' to the legal entity or third parties. For a solvent company with a sole shareholder, the owner's consent excludes criminal liability as there is no victim. The conduct is primarily addressed through tax law (reclassification as 'disguised dividends' under the Income Tax Law) and civil law, which may trigger the 'piercing of the corporate veil' (Article 40 of Decree Law 21621) to hold the owner personally liable for company debts.
Shareholders privacy
PRIVATE
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De quoi s’agit-il ?How visible a company's shareholders and directors are: free public registry, paywalled, restricted or fully private. More privacy, but sometimes warier banks.
Source et informations complémentairesSUNARP (Superintendencia Nacional de los Registros Públicos)
Directors privacy
PUBLIC PAYWALL
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De quoi s’agit-il ?How visible a company's shareholders and directors are: free public registry, paywalled, restricted or fully private. More privacy, but sometimes warier banks.
Source et informations complémentairesSUNARP (Superintendencia Nacional de los Registros Públicos)
03.3 Incorporation cost
In this country, the most standard company form is called Sociedad Anónima Cerrada (Closed Stock Corporation). The costs below are for incorporating a company in its simplest form, for reference only.
Name Reservation (SUNARP)
USD 7
Notary Fees for Public Deed of Incorporation
USD 149
SUNARP Public Registry Registration Fees
USD 149
Professional Legal and Incorporation Services
USD 1,784
Total
USD 2,087

A good fit for a holding?

Long story short: NOT REALLY.
Peru is a structurally weak holding base: a measly 12 treaties and no participation exemption to soften the domestic layer.

Cross-border dividends get clipped at every step of the journey. Keep walking.

04.1 Substance & exemptions
Territorial · individuals
WORLDWIDE
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De quoi s’agit-il ?Does this country tax only local income (territorial) or everything you earn worldwide? Territorial means your foreign income stays untaxed here. Huge.
Source et informations complémentairesworldwide income taxation regardless of source
Territorial · corporates
WORLDWIDE
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Source et informations complémentairesworldwide corporate taxation
Participation exemption
NONE
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De quoi s’agit-il ?Can a holding company receive dividends from its subsidiaries tax-free? The cornerstone of any serious holding structure.
Source et informations complémentairesno dividend participation exemption regime
CFC rules
APPLY
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De quoi s’agit-il ?Anti-offshore rules: they tax you at home on your foreign company's profits, even if nothing was distributed. Where they exist, offshore setups get tricky.
Source et informations complémentairesPeru enforces CFC regulations to prevent tax deferral on passive income from foreign entities where residents hold at least 50% control. These rules apply when the foreign company is located in a tax haven or a jurisdiction with low or no taxation.
04.2 Withholding tax · non-resident
WHT · dividends
5%
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De quoi s’agit-il ?The cut this country takes when it sends dividends, interest or royalties abroad. Tax treaties can shrink it; blacklists can inflate it.
Source et informations complémentairesnon-resident outbound
WHT · interest
30%
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Source et informations complémentairesnon-resident outbound
WHT · royalties
30%
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Source et informations complémentairesnon-resident outbound
Tax-haven WHT
NONE
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Source et informations complémentairesno punitive rate on record
04.3 Treaty network
Treaties signed
10
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De quoi s’agit-il ?Deals with other countries to avoid double taxation and cut withholding taxes. The bigger the network, the easier your money moves across borders.
Source et informations complémentairesactive
Treaties pending
2
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Source et informations complémentairesin negotiation
Tax treaty network
origin · PE 0% > 0% no treaty
Inspect a country
Hover any country on the map to read its withholding-tax treaty with PE.
Country Status Dividends Interest Royalties
// no treaties match

Easy to come and go?

Long story short: SOME.
Peru taxes your worldwide income while you're resident, but at least the exit is free: no exit tax on the way out.

Leaving costs you paperwork, not money; your unrealised gains walk out the door with you, untouched.

05.1 Exit & dual nationality
Exit tax
NONE
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De quoi s’agit-il ?What the country charges you for leaving: tax on your unrealized gains, as if you'd sold everything at the border. Here you'll see if it exists and when it triggers.
Source et informations complémentairesno triggers active · residence change tax-free · no deemed-disposal mechanism
Dual citizenship
ALLOWED
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Source et informations complémentairesnaturalised citizens may keep their existing nationality
05.2 Citizenship paths
Residence
2 years
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Source et informations complémentairesavailable path to naturalisation
Marriage
2 years
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Source et informations complémentairesavailable path to naturalisation
Birth
jus soli
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Source et informations complémentairesavailable path to naturalisation
Descent
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Source et informations complémentairesnot available
Investment
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Source et informations complémentairesnot available

Is your money watched?

Long story short: PARTLY.
Peru plays along with some of the exchange machinery (typically CRS, MLI, MAAC), so a slice of your financial life gets shipped to treaty partners. Corporate registries stay non-public, so ownership stays opaque.

Half-watched: they see some of the money, none of the structure.

Multilateral reporting frameworks 2/9 active · 4 pending
CRS
2022
CARF
FATCA
MLI
2025
BEPS
MAAC
2018
GLOBAL FORUM
EOIR
CRYPTO TRAVEL RULE

Is it blacklisted?

Long story short: NO.
Peru sits on no major blacklist, though it's outside the FATF club.

Some counterparties will run a bit of extra due diligence out of habit, but there's no formal stigma: you won't get hassled for dealing with it.

Blacklist exposure Clear everywhere
EMBARGO
un / us / eu sanctions
FATF
grey / black list
EU
non-cooperative list
FRANCE
ETNC list
SPAIN
tax-haven list
PORTUGAL
favourable regimes
BRAZIL
low-tax list

Do you feel free there?

Long story short: NO.
Press freedom in Peru is locked down (RSF rank #130). Independent media and civic space operate under pressure (when they operate at all), and that kind of grip usually spills over into economic life too.

Small mercy: crypto isn't formally banned.

08.1 Press freedom
Press freedom · RSF index
130/180
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De quoi s’agit-il ?The RSF world ranking of press freedom. A good proxy for censorship and civil liberties. The lower the rank, the freer the press.
Source et informations complémentairesscore 42 · ↓ 5 ranks year-on-year
Central bank digital currencyi
Program Status Cross-border Sources
Peru CBDC
The Central Reserve Bank of Peru (BCRP) is developing a central bank digital currency (CBDC),
Central Reserve Bank of Peru
RESEARCH

Connected to the world?

Long story short: POORLY CONNECTED.
The two rails that matter are both dead in Peru. Stripe won't onboard you, so card payments mean a foreign structure or a local processor with its own rules. Amazon doesn't deliver either.

Some secondary services run (5/11), but for an online business this is swimming against the current.

Accept payments 3/6 available
Stripe
card payments
PayPal
wallet payments
Adyen
enterprise psp
Mollie
eu payments
GoCardless
direct debit
Paddle
merchant of record
Bank and move money 1/3 available
Wise
multi-currency
Revolut
personal banking
Revolut Business
business banking
Buy and sell on Amazon 1/2 available
Amazon
consumer delivery
Amazon Seller
marketplace selling
SEE ALSO

Other jurisdictions worth comparing

Picked by similarity of strategic profile to Peru. No editorial ranking — neighbours in the same scoring space.

PROFILE-ADJACENT Same shape, comparable overall friction.
NOTABLY MORE FAVORABLE Same family of strategies, higher total score.
NOTABLY LESS FAVORABLE Same family of strategies, lower total score.