Peru

Last update: 2026-06-14
PE PENS/ Aymara
Pros
Maintaining low public debt and a highly independent central bank for monetary stability
Competitive corporate tax rates and extensive free trade agreements with major global economies
Abundant natural resources and a growing agro-export sector with minimal state intervention
Cons
Persistent political instability and systemic corruption affecting long-term legal certainty for investors
High levels of labor informality and burdensome regulatory requirements for formal enterprises
Inadequate transport infrastructure and increasing security risks in specific urban and rural regions
Personal income
0 → 30%
progressive
Corporate
29.5%
flat
Capital gains
5%
flat
VAT (standard)
18%
standard rate
i 7.8 PRIVACY GRADE
i 5.7 VERY LOW TAX
i 2.4 HOLDING
i 2 CRYPTO HAVEN
i 2 EASY CITIZENSHIP
i 1.7 DIVIDEND PIPELINE
VERYLOW TAX 5.7/10 HOLDING 2.4/10 DIVIDENDPIPELINE 1.7/10 CRYPTOHAVEN 2/10 PRIVACYGRADE 7.8/10 EASYCITIZENSHIP 2/10
01/08

Will Peru tax what you earn?

income tax tax residency territorial system

YES, A LOT. Personal income is taxed heavily in Peru (top marginal rate 30%), but the residency test is unusually permissive. The bill is steep; the trick is not to trip into resident status without meaning to.

Personal income taxi
0 → 30%
progressive · 6 brackets
Income simulatori
Income
Tax due
Effective rate
all-in
Marginal rate
+30%
Non-domiciled individuals on gross Peruvian-source income
+5%
Capital gains from sale of stocks (domiciled individuals or within the country for non-domiciled)
+30%
Capital gains from sale of stocks (non-domiciled, outside the country)
+5%
Capital gains from sale of real estate
+5%
Dividends
+5%
Domiciled individuals' income from leases, interests, and royalties
Tax residence testi
183days
183-day rule
Economic interest
Family centre
Habitual abode
Extended-stay test
Just one rule above is enough to make you tax-resident here.
02/08

Will Peru tax what you own?

capital gains wealth tax inheritance dividends interest

YES, BUT LIGHTLY. Peru taxes capital gains lightly (5% at the top), with no annual wealth charge and no inheritance regime. A held portfolio compounds with minimal friction; the state only shows up at disposal.

Capital gainsi
5%
flat · +25% non-domiciled individuals selling shares outside the country
Dividend taxi
5%
flat
Interest incomei
5%
flat
Wealth taxi
NONE
no annual wealth tax · no real-estate wealth tax · no net-worth assessment
Crypto · tax regimei
Regime
PROGRESSIVE
Rate
30%
SUNAT (Tax Authority) classifies crypto-assets as intangible movable assets. While specific crypto legislation is still being finalized as of 2025, gains for individuals are currently taxed under general income rules. Most transactions occur on international exchanges and are thus treated as Foreign Source Income (Renta de Fuente Extranjera), subject to progressive rates from 8% to 30%. Habitual trading or mining is treated as Third Category (Business) income at a flat 29.5% rate. Crypto-to-crypto swaps are considered taxable events (permuta) under Peruvian law.
Crypto-to-cryptoi
TAXABLE
each swap counts as a disposal — gains realised at every trade
FATF travel rulei
NOT SIGNED
no information-sharing obligation on VASP transfers
Inheritance systemi
NONE
no estate tax · no heir-based duties · no succession tax framework. Wealth transfers across heir-classes are not taxed in this jurisdiction. Only standard probate / registration fees may apply.
03/08

Is it easy to run a company in Peru?

corporate tax criminal liability public registry VAT IP box

NO. Corporate tax in Peru is 29.5% with no IP-box relief, on top of VAT at 18. Running a company here is operationally fine but fiscally expensive: the state takes a large bite of every unit of profit.

Corporate taxi
29.5%
flat · +5% indirect distribution of income construed as taxable income as a result of a tax audit · +0.4% Temporary net assets tax (TNAT) on the value of assets exceeding PEN 1 million
IP Box · Patent Boxi
NONE
no IP regime · IP income taxed under standard corporate rules
Misuse of corporate assetsi
NO CRIMINAL LIABILITY
Civil Matter / Breach of Fiduciary Duty
In Peru, the crime of Fraudulent Administration (Article 198 of the Penal Code) requires 'prejudice' to the legal entity or third parties. For a solvent company with a sole shareholder, the owner's consent excludes criminal liability as there is no victim. The conduct is primarily addressed through tax law (reclassification as 'disguised dividends' under the Income Tax Law) and civil law, which may trigger the 'piercing of the corporate veil' (Article 40 of Decree Law 21621) to hold the owner personally liable for company debts.
Shareholders privacyi
PRIVATE
SUNARP (Superintendencia Nacional de los Registros Públicos)
Directors privacyi
PUBLIC PAYWALL
SUNARP (Superintendencia Nacional de los Registros Públicos)
Incorporation costi
Closed Stock Corporation
Sociedad Anónima Cerrada
Name Reservation (SUNARP) USD 6
Notary Fees for Public Deed of Incorporation USD 147
SUNARP Public Registry Registration Fees USD 147
Professional Legal and Incorporation Services USD 1,763
Total USD 2,064
VAT standard ratei
18%
2 distinct tiers in force
8% 18%
Food & drink
18%
food
18%
non-alcoholic
18%
alcohol
Hospitality
8%
hotels
8%
restaurants
8%
takeaway
Digital & telecom
18%
digital
Construction
18%
construction
04/08

Is Peru good for your holding company?

treaty network participation exemption withholding

NOT REALLY. Peru is structurally weak as a holding base: only 12 treaties signed and no participation exemption to soften the domestic layer. Cross-border dividend flows will leak value at every step.

Territorial systemi
Individuals
WORLDWIDE
Corporates
WORLDWIDE
Individuals: worldwide income taxation regardless of source. Corporates: worldwide.
Participation exemptioni
NONE
no dividend participation exemption regime
CFC rulesi
APPLY
Peru enforces CFC regulations to prevent tax deferral on passive income from foreign entities where residents hold at least 50% control. These rules apply when the foreign company is located in a tax haven or a jurisdiction with low or no taxation.
WHT · dividendsi
5%
non-resident outbound
WHT · interest
30%
non-resident outbound
WHT · royalties
30%
non-resident outbound
Tax-haven WHT
no punitive rate on record
Treaties signedi
10
active
Treaties pending
2
in negotiation
Tax treaty networki
origin · PE 0% > 0% no treaty
Inspect a country
Hover any country on the map to read its withholding-tax treaty with PE.
Country Status Dividends Interest Royalties
// no treaties match
05/08

What does it cost to come and go from Peru?

exit tax territorial system dual citizenship

SOME. Peru taxes worldwide income while you're resident, but there's no exit tax on the way out. The cost of leaving is mostly paperwork: unrealised gains follow you to the next jurisdiction untouched.

Exit taxi
NONE
no triggers active · residence change tax-free · no deemed-disposal mechanism
Dual citizenship
ALLOWED
naturalised citizens may keep their existing nationality
Citizenship paths
Residence
Marriage
Birth
Descent
Investment
06/08

Will Peru protect your privacy?

info exchange corporate registries

PARTLY. Peru participates in some exchange frameworks (typically CRS, MLI, MAAC), so a portion of your financial information reaches treaty partners. Corporate registries stay non-public, so ownership remains opaque. Middle-ground privacy: selective, not total.

Multilateral reporting frameworks 2/10 active · 4 pending
CRS
2022
CARF
FATCA
MLI
2025
BEPS
MAAC
2018
GLOBAL FORUM
EOIR
CRYPTO-CARF
CRYPTO TRAVEL RULE
07/08

Is Peru itself a liability?

blacklists FATF standing

NO. Peru carries no entries on any major blacklist, though it sits outside FATF membership. Counterparties may apply light extra due diligence, but no formal stigma attaches to dealing with it.

Blacklist exposure Clear everywhere
FATF
grey / black list
EU
non-cooperative list
FRANCE
ETNC list
SPAIN
tax-haven list
PORTUGAL
favourable regimes
BRAZIL
low-tax list
08/08

Will you feel free in Peru?

press freedom crypto CBDC EU

NO. Press freedom in Peru is restricted (RSF rank #130). Civic space and independent media operate under pressure or not at all, a constraint that typically extends to financial expression as well, even where crypto isn't formally banned.

Press freedom · RSF indexi
130/180
score 42 · ↓ 5 ranks year-on-year
Central bank digital currencyi
Program Status Cross-border Sources
Peru CBDC
The Central Reserve Bank of Peru (BCRP) is developing a central bank digital currency (CBDC),
Central Reserve Bank of Peru
RESEARCH
SEE ALSO

Other jurisdictions worth comparing

Picked by similarity of strategic profile to Peru. No editorial ranking — neighbours in the same scoring space.

PROFILE-ADJACENT Same shape, comparable overall friction.
NOTABLY MORE FAVORABLE Same family of strategies, higher total score.
NOTABLY LESS FAVORABLE Same family of strategies, lower total score.