Türkiye
| Pros |
|---|
| Strategic location and modern infrastructure connecting Europe, Asia, and the Middle East. |
| Competitive labor costs and a large, young, entrepreneurial workforce for rapid scaling. |
| Extensive network of free trade agreements and special economic zones with tax incentives. |
| Cons |
|---|
| High inflation and currency volatility undermining long-term financial planning and capital preservation. |
| Increasing state interventionism and unpredictable regulatory changes affecting property rights and legal certainty. |
| Significant concerns regarding judicial independence and political influence over economic institutions. |
Will Türkiye tax what you earn?
YES, A LOT. Personal income is taxed heavily in Türkiye (top marginal rate 40%), but the residency test is unusually permissive. The bill is steep; the trick is not to trip into resident status without meaning to.
Will Türkiye tax what you own?
YES, A LOT. Türkiye runs the full kit on owned wealth: capital gains at 40%, and an annual wealth tax above a threshold (top rate 0.3%). Holding here is expensive in every direction: flow, stock, and transfer.
| Heir | Top rate | Allowance |
|---|---|---|
| Spouse | 10% | TRY 1,609,552 |
| Children | 10% | TRY 1,609,552 |
| Siblings | 10% | TRY 0 |
| Other relatives | 10% | TRY 0 |
| Non-relatives | 10% | TRY 0 |
Is it easy to run a company in Türkiye?
NO. Türkiye runs the full pressure stack: corporate tax at 25%, criminal liability for misuse of corporate assets (your own consent doesn't waive the offense; using company funds for personal purposes is prosecutable, even as sole shareholder), and public corporate registries (your name as shareholder visible to anyone with a browser). Heavy rate, real prosecution risk, full ownership visibility. Hard to design a worse operating frame for an owner-operator.
Is Türkiye good for your holding company?
YES. Türkiye is built for holding. An extensive treaty network (82 signed agreements) cuts withholding on cross-border dividend, interest and royalty flows, and a full participation-exemption regime (100% on qualifying dividends and gains) lets value flow through without a domestic layer. The classic elite-tier setup: a holding structured here travels well across borders.
| Country | Status | Dividends | Interest | Royalties |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| ∅ // no treaties match | ||||
What does it cost to come and go from Türkiye?
SOME. Türkiye taxes worldwide income while you're resident, but there's no exit tax on the way out. The cost of leaving is mostly paperwork: unrealised gains follow you to the next jurisdiction untouched.
Will Türkiye protect your privacy?
NOT AT ALL. Türkiye has signed every exchange framework that matters and operates a public corporate registry. Whatever you do here (earn, hold, structure) is reportable, accessible, or both. Privacy is not the strategy in this jurisdiction.
Is Türkiye itself a liability?
NO. Türkiye is clear of every major blacklist (FATF, EU, France, Spain, Portugal, Brazil) and sits inside FATF membership. Dealing with this jurisdiction is reputationally inert: no flags follow the transaction.
Will you feel free in Türkiye?
NO. Press freedom in Türkiye is restricted (RSF rank #159). Civic space and independent media operate under pressure or not at all, a constraint that typically extends to financial expression as well, even where crypto isn't formally banned.
| Program | Status | Cross-border | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|
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Digital Lira
The main objective is to establish a financial sector with a strong institutional structure that can respond to the financing needs of the real sector at a low cost, offer different financial instruments to a wide investor base through reliable institutions and support Istanbul's goal of becoming an attractive global financial center.
Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey
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PILOT | — | announce → |
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Picked by similarity of strategic profile to Türkiye. No editorial ranking — neighbours in the same scoring space.